The project will utilize this technology in a controlled, double-blind, laboratory study of non-invasive brain stimulation in healthy normal astronaut-like adults, to evaluate whether slow wave sleep enhancement via the SmartSleep stimulus algorithms could benefit cognitive performance during sleep restriction, and/or decrease the severity and duration of sleep inertia after abrupt awakening from sleep. SmartSleep consists of a headband worn during sleep and a sleep app. This approach to improving sleep quality and the cognitive benefits of sleep is now available as "SmartSleep," a new technology that enhances slow waves using inaudible acoustic stimulation during sleep. Studies have found that acoustic enhancement of electroencephalogram (EEG) slow waves during sleep can increase subsequent cognitive performance. Thus, there is a need for a technology that can improve sleep quality in space and biologically maximize the performance benefits of limited sleep duration, without unduly affecting the ability of astronauts to awaken abruptly due to an inflight emergency. Sleep medications have been used in spaceflight to improve sleep quality and sleep duration, yet these medications compromise the cognitive performance capability of astronauts when an emergency awakening requires them to function effectively. Earth-based studies have shown that this degree of sleep loss can adversely affect waking cognitive performance. Studies have found reduced sleep duration and reduced sleep quality in spaceflight. We propose to evaluate this technology in a controlled, double-blind, laboratory study of non-invasive brain stimulation in healthy normal astronaut-like adults, to evaluate whether slow wave sleep enhancement via the SmartSleep stimulus algorithms could benefit cognitive performance during sleep restriction, and/or decrease the severity and duration of sleep inertia after abrupt awakening from sleep.Īstronauts must maintain a high level of cognitive performance capability in spaceflight, which depends on their acquiring adequate daily sleep quantity and sleep quality while in space, and on their ability to respond quickly and effectively to emergency events that can occur when they are asleep. Studies have found that unconscious sound enhancement of electroencephalogram (EEG) slow waves during sleep can increase subsequent cognitive performance. Thus there is a need for a technology that can improve sleep quality in space and biologically maximize the performance benefits of limited sleep duration, without unduly affecting the ability of astronauts to awaken abruptly due to an inflight emergency. Sleep medications have been used in spaceflight to promote better sleep quality and longer sleep duration sleep, but these have also been shown to markedly compromise the cognitive performance capability of astronauts when an emergency awakening requires them to function effectively. Extensive studies have found that sleep in spaceflight is often reduced in duration and of reduced quality, which Earth-based studies show can reduce waking cognitive performance. Astronauts must maintain a high level of cognitive performance capability in spaceflight, which depends on their acquiring adequate daily sleep quantity and sleep quality while in space, and on their ability to respond quickly and effectively to emergency events that can occur when they are asleep.
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